琴歌
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专辑简介 / Album Introduction

丝线的震颤,泛音的共鸣与女声的浅吟低唱交融在一起,更具有了直指人心的力量。古琴与吟唱的珠玉之声飘然入耳,便经历如同一场穿越古今的时空之旅,在恍若隔世的迷离中吐纳三千年文明的气韵流转。

《琴歌》录制于国家大剧院主录音棚,由杨青与刘杨两师徒联袂出演,专辑收录的曲目除了4首经典的纯古琴音乐—《流水》、《长门怨》、《欸乃》、《平沙落雁》,还有6首是以杨青弹奏的古琴配合刘杨的人声,吟唱古时的名人名诗句—李重元的《忆王孙》、刘向《越人歌》、李商隐的《无题》、杜甫的《客至》以及李白的《子夜吴歌》冯延已的《长相思》。


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曲目 / Track List

1、忆王孙
1. Wangsun's Melody
2、越人歌
2. Song of a Boater from Yue
3、流水
3. Flowing Water
4、无题
4. Untitled
5、长门怨
5. Lament of Changmen
6、客至
6. Looking Forward of My Friends
7、子夜吴歌
7. A Song of an Autumn Midnight
8、欸乃
8. AoAi
9、平沙落雁
9. Wild Geese Descending on the Sands
10、长相思
10. Memory

详情 / Detail




1

忆王孙  Wangsun's Melody

宋代李重元共作有四首《忆王孙》,分别题作『春词』、『夏词』、『秋词』、『冬词』。此为第一篇『春词』。本词抒写春日盼归的意绪,并不刻画具体事件和感情波澜,只用主人公望中所见的一连串意象:萋萋芳草、楼外柳色、杜鹃哀鸣、雨打梨花,表达一种浓郁的感伤意味。

此曲谱出自明末清初的《东皋琴谱》。王迪打谱并传授。乐曲描绘了因忆而登楼眺望,望之不见,故凄凄魂断的情境,表现了一种难以描述的盼归未归、欲归难归的悲哀,充满浓重的感伤意味。

What a beautiful night is this? Drifting down midstream of the river. What a graceful day is this? Same Boat with the prince So grateful for the fondness to meet with your gracious consent I'm thrilled and my heart beat like a hammer to even get to see you, my dear Prince Trees live on mountains and branches live on trees and there's my heart live for you, but you never know.


2

越人歌  Song of a Boater from Yue

《越人歌》之词最初见于西汉刘向的《说苑》卷十一《善说》的第十三则『襄成君始封之日』篇,鄂君子皙泛舟河中,打桨的越女爱慕他,用越地的方言唱了一首歌,鄂君请人用楚语译出,就是这首美丽的情诗。

此曲飘逸而内敛,伤感而淡定,充满古朴的神秘感,呈现了古代与现代、东方与西方审美观的交融与结合。杨青先生为这首琴歌重新编配了古琴指法。

What a night tonight for me:rowing in the mainstream!What a day today for me:with the Prince of my dream! Although I'm plain and humble thou don't see me as a shame Oh, how troubled my heart is When lay my eyes on thee! Trees grow on the moutains, and branches on the tree Do thou feel my fondness GROWING fondess for thee?


3

流水  Flowing Water

琴曲属性出于《吕氏春秋》中伯牙鼓琴的故事,伯牙弹琴能表现出『巍巍乎志在高山,洋洋乎志在流水』,而钟子期都能心领神会,二人遂结为知音。因而有伯牙作《高山流水》的传说。

明代《神奇秘谱》曰:『《高山流水》本为一曲,至唐分为二。』其中《流水》一曲在明清时得到更多的发展,特别是清末《天闻阁琴谱》所载川派琴家张孔山的《流水》,增加了许多『滚拂』手法以增强水势的艺术效果,号称《七十二滚拂流水》或《大流水》,是近代流传最广的曲目之一。乐曲表现了淙淙溪水汇流成浩荡江河,继而聚成汪洋大海的壮美景象。1977年美国向太空发射的寻找外星人的太空船,载有一张『地球之音』镀金铜唱片,从全球提取了27首人类音乐代表作,唯一入选的中国音乐就是古琴曲《流水》。

"Flowing WaterJ, describes the natural phenomenon of tiny streams converging into a mighty sea. It also sings the praises of beautiful Chinese landscape.


4

无题  Moon High on the Sky

唐代大诗人李商隐以『无题』为题写了许多诗歌,这是其中最有名的一首。这首寄情诗作皆是围绕着第一句,尤其是「别亦难」三字展开。

此琴歌旋律低沉而简约,与词句的缠绵悱恻形成鲜明的反差。曲调回环往复,动人心弦。王迪作曲并传授。

Poem without a Title by Li Shangyin It's difficult for us to meet and hard to part, The east wind is too weak to revive flowers dead. The silkworm till its death spins silk from love-sick heart; The candle only when burned has no tears* to shed. At dawn she’d be afraid to see mirrored hair gray; At night she would feel cold while I croon by moonlight. To the three fairy hills it is not a long way. Without the blue-bird oft fly to see her on their height?


5

长门怨  Lament of Changmen

乐曲取自汉武帝与皇后陈阿婚『金屋藏桥』的典故。《乐府古题要解》中说此曲『为汉武帝陈皇后作也。后长公主嫖有女,字阿娇,及卫子夫得幸,后退居长门宫,愁闷悲思。闻司马相如工文章,奉黄金百斤,令为解愁之辞。相如作长门赋,帝见面伤之,复得亲信者数年。后人因其赋为长门怨焉』。

此曲是梅庵派的主要代表曲目。乐曲大量运用了绰(上滑音)、猱等古琴特有的指法,结合了北方语言声腔的某些特点,形象地表述了女性凄楚哀怨的情愫。

The melody exploits a great amount of decorative sounds and special northern Chinese dialects. This tune presents an image of Chinese northern women * s exaggerated expressions of sighing and groanting.


6

客至  Looking Forward of My Friends

《客至》是唐代大诗人杜甫所写的一首极富生活气息的记事诗作。这首工整流畅的七律描绿了诗人在自己的茅舍--成都浣花溪畔的草堂迎客、待客,充满情趣的场景。此琴歌载于《东皋琴谱》,王迪打谱并传授。全曲淳朴诚挚,充满自然的意趣,流露出欢欣喜客的真率之情。

North of me, south of me, spring is in flood,Day after day I have seen only gulls....My path is full of petals -- I have swept it for no others.My thatch gate has been closed -- but opens now for you.It's a long way to the market, I can offer you little ——Yet here in my cottage there is old wine for our cups.Shall we summon my elderly neighbor to join us,Call him through the fence, and pour the jar dry?


7

子夜吴歌  A Song of an Autumn Midnight

唐代大诗人李白以春夏秋冬四时为题而作了四首《子夜四时歌》。据《旧唐书·音乐志》记载:『「子夜』,晋曲也。晋有女子子夜,造此声,声过哀苦。』六朝乐府《清商曲·吴声歌曲》中即有《子夜四时歌》,因其属吴声之曲,故又称《子夜吴歌》。此首琴歌选用了《秋歌》与《冬歌》两段,原诗另有《春歌》与《夏歌》。

此曲用简约而清丽的语言配合委婉优美,细腻动人的旋律,描绘了女子怀念戍边亲人,厌恶穷兵黩武,向往和平安宁生活的愿望。音调的清越明亮,情感的真挚深厚。正可谓『意愈浅愈深,词愈近愈远,篇不可以句摘,句不可以字求』。王迪据《东皋琴谱》打谱并传授。

A slip of the moon hangs over the capital; Ten thousand washing-mallets are pounding; And the autumn wind is blowing my heart For ever and ever toward the Jade Pass.... Oh, when will the Tartar troops be conquered, And my husband come back from the long campaign!


8

欸乃  AoAi

这是一首明代以前的琴曲,曲谱最早见于1549年的《西麓堂琴统》。《唉乃》是以唐代柳宗元的诗《渔翁》『渔翁夜傍西岩宿,晓汲清湘燃楚竹。烟销日出不见人,欸乃一声山水緑』而得名的。欸乃,即是渔人摇橹之声,琴人习读为『Ao Ai』。

曲子描绘了古人托迹渔樵,寄情山水烟霞,颐养至静,乐采天真的意趣。乐曲旋律优美抒情,委婉动听,是琴曲中的佳作。管平湖打谱,王迪节本并传授。

The piece can be traced back to the times before the Ming Dynasty. First found in a qin tablature collection Xi-lu-tang-qin-tong in 1549. The title came from the Tang poet Liu Zongyuan’ s verse : “When the sun rises, the mists thin, he is out of sight/A creak of the oars, a drowsy spell the green hills acquire.” The lyrical and touching music conveys the ancient people abandoning themselves to nature and landscape by means of fishing and woodcutting for the taste of tranquility and innocence.


9

平沙落雁  Wild Geese Descending on the Sands

最早刊于明代1634年的《古音正宗》琴谱,又名《雁落平沙》。自问世以来,有多种流派的传谱版本九十余种,是一首流传非常广泛的琴曲。

1876年的《天闻阁琴谱》中描绘此曲:『盖取其秋高气爽,风静沙平,云程万里,天际飞鸣。借鸿鸪之远志,写逸士之心胸也。通体节奏凡三起三落。初弹似鸿雁来宾,极云霄之缥缈,序雁行以和鸣,倏隐倏显,若往若来,其欲落也。回环顾盼,空际盘旋,其将落也。息声斜掠,绕洲三匝,其既落也。此呼彼应,三五成群,飞鸣宿食,得所适情。子母随而雌雄让,亦能品焉。』

乐曲描绘了一幅清秋寥落,沙平江宽,群雁飞鸣的画面,抒发了恬淡惬意的情趣。旋律委婉流畅,隽永清新。管平湖演奏谱,王迪传授。

The widely-spread piece has had over 90 versions since it was first printed in 1643 in the tablature collection Gu-yin-zheng-zong. The music depicts a solitary autumn scene,with flying geese over the flat sands and the wide river,conveying a mood of peace and relaxation. As the Tian-wen-ge Tablatures(1876) interprets the piece, ''the music reflects the lofty ambition of literati by means of the swans soaring in the sky”.


10

长相思 Memory

唐代诗人冯延已运用浅显流畅的语言,和谐舒缓的音律,以『恨』写『爱』,巧妙而又明了地勾画出了相思女子的形象和复杂的感情。

《长相思》的曲谱刊载于《东皋琴谱》。这一曲琴歌以一个女子的口吻来表达相思之情。词言简却意蕴深重,曲调单纯简约却又深切真挚。王迪打谱并传授。

North of me, south of me, spring is in flood,Day after day I have seen only gulls....My path is full of petals -- I have swept it for no others.My thatch gate has been closed -- but opens now for you.It's a long way to the market, I can offer you little --Yet here in my cottage there is old wine for our cups.Shall we summon my elderly neighbor to join us,Call him through the fence, and pour the jar dry?







2013年《琴歌》被列入刘汉盛严选棒喝100CD榜单中,是国内唯一入选的新民乐专辑。

一把古琴,一位歌者,这么简单的编制说什么都很容易录制吧?其实不然,因为越简单的编制大家的注意力越能集中,耳朵也不会受到太多干扰,所以能听得更清楚,也会更挑剔。这张「琴歌」是在很大的录音棚中录制,棚中的残响时间应该不短,照理可以采用现场自然残响。不过说明书中洋洋洒洒列出很多录音器材,可见虽然只有古琴跟一位歌者,但经过的录音器材还真不少。到底是因为经过那么多器材的泡制,才让我们听起来觉得很自然呢?还是本来就很自然,那些器材只不过是辅助而已?不论怎么说,这张「琴歌」听在耳里自然无比是勿庸置论的,但就不知道录音现场所听到者应该如何?

刘杨的嗓音低沉宽宏,形体相当大,还带着磁性,如果您听来细瘦单薄,那就离谱了。当她唱歌时,空间出现很丰富的细微回响,到底那算是自然堂音呢?还是录音器材所泡制出来的?就算是录音器材所泡制,听起来让人感到很自然,这就是「以假乱真」的高明处。

古琴的声音低沉结实,可以感受到弦的振动与琴腔的共鸣,而且尾音很长,细微的弱音气韵(Nuance)很丰富。古琴的声音不细不瘦,手指在上面滑动的杂音不会尖锐刺耳,整体来说柔朝中还泛着温暖的味道。假若您听古琴感觉刚硬,手指滑动杂音会刺耳,那就代表音响系统太偏高频硬调了。

第一轨「忆王孙」的歌谱来自明代,第二轨「越人歌」可不是古曲,那是谭盾应电影「夜宴」之邀所谱的新曲(歌词来自汉代刘向),但是听起来依然古意盎然。这二首曲子人声听起来都要饱满结实,有如真人般的血气骨肉。如果听起来骨瘦如柴,细瘦尖锐,那肯定错得离谱。









 

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